{"id":4145,"date":"2024-09-25T10:58:03","date_gmt":"2024-09-25T08:58:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/blog\/?p=4145"},"modified":"2024-09-25T10:58:05","modified_gmt":"2024-09-25T08:58:05","slug":"jak-mentalni-nastaveni-ucitelu-ovlivnuje-pristup-k-vyuce","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/blog\/jak-mentalni-nastaveni-ucitelu-ovlivnuje-pristup-k-vyuce\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak ment\u00e1ln\u00ed nastaven\u00ed u\u010ditel\u016f ovliv\u0148uje p\u0159\u00edstup k v\u00fduce"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Rakousk\u00fd v\u00fdzkum na t\u00e9ma \u201eTeachers\u2019 Mindset Meaning System<\/a>\u201c zkoumal, jak ment\u00e1ln\u00ed nastaven\u00ed u\u010ditel\u016f ovliv\u0148uje jejich p\u0159\u00edstup k v\u00fduce a interakci se studenty. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Studie ukazuje, \u017ee zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm u\u010ditel\u00e9 vn\u00edmaj\u00ed schopnosti a potenci\u00e1l student\u016f, m\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed dopad na kvalitu vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a na to, jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem \u017e\u00e1ci dosahuj\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>

\"Ment\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Fixn\u00ed vs. r\u016fstov\u00e9 nastaven\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Jedn\u00edm z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch pojm\u016f studie je rozd\u00edl mezi fixn\u00edm a r\u016fstov\u00fdm nastaven\u00edm. U\u010ditel\u00e9 s fixn\u00edm nastaven\u00edm v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee inteligence a schopnosti jsou pevn\u011b dan\u00e9 a nelze je v\u00fdrazn\u011b zm\u011bnit. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee podle nich jsou studenti bu\u010f p\u0159irozen\u011b nadan\u00ed, nebo ne, a v\u00fduka se \u010dasto soust\u0159ed\u00ed na dosa\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdkonu a m\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f. Tito u\u010ditel\u00e9 d\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed d\u016fraz na zn\u00e1mky, testy a srovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed student\u016f mezi sebou, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1ci s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm sebev\u011bdom\u00edm se c\u00edt\u00ed ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00ed nebo m\u00e9n\u011b schopn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Naopak u\u010ditel\u00e9 s r\u016fstov\u00fdm nastaven\u00edm v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee schopnosti a dovednosti lze rozv\u00edjet skrze \u00fasil\u00ed, vytrvalost a vhodnou zp\u011btnou vazbu. Tito u\u010ditel\u00e9 podporuj\u00ed studenty v tom, aby vn\u00edmali chyby jako p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti k u\u010den\u00ed a r\u016fstu, a zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed se sp\u00ed\u0161e na proces u\u010den\u00ed ne\u017e na samotn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky. Tento p\u0159\u00edstup vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ru, kde maj\u00ed studenti v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed motivaci zlep\u0161ovat se a jsou otev\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed nov\u00fdm v\u00fdzv\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vliv na \u0161koln\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n

Rozd\u00edl v t\u011bchto dvou p\u0159\u00edstupech se projevuje i v tom, jak vypad\u00e1 v\u00fduka a celkov\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b. U\u010ditel\u00e9 s r\u016fstov\u00fdm nastaven\u00edm jsou \u010dasto ochotn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vyzkou\u0161et nov\u00e9 metody v\u00fduky a p\u0159izp\u016fsobit se individu\u00e1ln\u00edm pot\u0159eb\u00e1m student\u016f. Tito u\u010ditel\u00e9 \u010dast\u011bji podporuj\u00ed kritick\u00e9 my\u0161len\u00ed, spolupr\u00e1ci mezi \u017e\u00e1ky a d\u016fraz na vlastn\u00ed rozvoj. Ve t\u0159\u00edd\u00e1ch veden\u00fdch u\u010diteli s r\u016fstov\u00fdm nastaven\u00edm se studenti c\u00edt\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159i vyjad\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch n\u00e1zor\u016f, ptaj\u00ed se v\u00edce ot\u00e1zek a c\u00edt\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed podporu v tom, aby riskovali a zkou\u0161eli nov\u00e9 v\u011bci.<\/p>\n<\/div>

\"Ment\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nap\u0159\u00edklad, pokud student za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pot\u00ed\u017ee s matematikou, u\u010ditel s r\u016fstov\u00fdm nastaven\u00edm ho povzbuzuje, aby to nevzd\u00e1val, poskytuje mu individu\u00e1ln\u00ed podporu a ukazuje mu, jak na sob\u011b pracovat. U\u010ditel s fixn\u00edm nastaven\u00edm m\u016f\u017ee sp\u00ed\u0161e kl\u00e1st d\u016fraz na to, \u017ee ne ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u00e1 talent na matematiku, a tak nev\u011bnuje takovou pozornost procesu, kter\u00fdm student proch\u00e1z\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u016fsledky pro motivaci student\u016f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Studie tak\u00e9 upozor\u0148uje na to, \u017ee u\u010ditel\u00e9 s r\u016fstov\u00fdm nastaven\u00edm zvy\u0161uj\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed motivaci student\u016f. Tito u\u010ditel\u00e9 d\u00e1vaj\u00ed zp\u011btnou vazbu, kter\u00e1 se soust\u0159ed\u00ed na \u00fasil\u00ed a proces, nikoli jen na kone\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdsledek. Kdy\u017e jsou studenti povzbuzov\u00e1ni, aby p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161leli o tom, jak se mohou zlep\u0161it, nam\u00edsto toho, aby se soust\u0159edili na to, jak jsou hodnoceni ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s ostatn\u00edmi, doch\u00e1z\u00ed k v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e samostatnosti a zodpov\u011bdnosti za vlastn\u00ed u\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Naopak studenti u\u010ditel\u016f s fixn\u00edm nastaven\u00edm \u010dasto za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed m\u00edru stresu a \u00fazkosti, proto\u017ee c\u00edt\u00ed, \u017ee mus\u00ed dosahovat vysok\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f, aby si udr\u017eeli pozitivn\u00ed obraz sebe sama. Tito \u017e\u00e1ci mohou b\u00fdt m\u00e9n\u011b ochotn\u00ed riskovat, proto\u017ee maj\u00ed obavu z ne\u00fasp\u011bchu, kter\u00fd by je mohl negativn\u011b ozna\u010dit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dopady na dlouhodob\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed c\u00edle<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdsledky t\u00e9to studie jsou relevantn\u00ed nejen pro u\u010ditele, ale i pro rodi\u010de a \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed komunitu. U\u010ditel\u00e9 s r\u016fstov\u00fdm nastaven\u00edm pom\u00e1haj\u00ed student\u016fm rozv\u00edjet dovednosti, kter\u00e9 jsou nezbytn\u00e9 pro celo\u017eivotn\u00ed u\u010den\u00ed, jako je odolnost, p\u0159izp\u016fsobivost a schopnost zvl\u00e1dat obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 situace. Tito studenti se l\u00e9pe vyrovn\u00e1vaj\u00ed s ne\u00fasp\u011bchy a jsou schopni vid\u011bt dlouhodob\u00e9 c\u00edle sv\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b studenti u\u010ditel\u016f s fixn\u00edm nastaven\u00edm mohou m\u00edt tendenci vyh\u00fdbat se n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u00fakol\u016fm nebo p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostem k rozvoji, proto\u017ee se boj\u00ed, \u017ee jejich ne\u00fasp\u011bch bude d\u016fkazem jejich nedostate\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Tato studie jasn\u011b ukazuje, jak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, aby u\u010ditel\u00e9 rozv\u00edjeli r\u016fstov\u00e9 nastaven\u00ed, proto\u017ee to p\u0159\u00edmo ovliv\u0148uje nejen jejich v\u00fdukov\u00e9 praktiky, ale tak\u00e9 emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed a vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed pohodu jejich student\u016f. Pro rodi\u010de je to p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost zamyslet se nad t\u00edm, jak\u00fd typ v\u00fduky jejich d\u00edt\u011b za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 a jakou podporu mohou poskytnout, aby jejich d\u00edt\u011b m\u011blo pozitivn\u00ed a podporuj\u00edc\u00ed \u0161koln\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zdroj: Teachers\u2019 mindset meaning system: achievement goals, beliefs and classroom practices | Social Psychology of Education<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Fixn\u00ed vs. r\u016fstov\u00e9 nastaven\u00ed Jedn\u00edm z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch pojm\u016f studie je rozd\u00edl mezi fixn\u00edm a r\u016fstov\u00fdm nastaven\u00edm. U\u010ditel\u00e9 s fixn\u00edm nastaven\u00edm v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee inteligence a schopnosti jsou pevn\u011b dan\u00e9 a nelze je v\u00fdrazn\u011b zm\u011bnit. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee podle nich jsou studenti bu\u010f p\u0159irozen\u011b nadan\u00ed, nebo ne, a v\u00fduka se \u010dasto soust\u0159ed\u00ed na dosa\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdkonu a m\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdch […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[72,32],"tags":[54,70,57,56],"class_list":["post-4145","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-rozvoj-potencialu","category-osobnirozvoj","tag-praxe","tag-rozvoj-potencialu","tag-sebevedomi","tag-zdravy-pristup-k-praci"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4145","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4145"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4145\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4150,"href":"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4145\/revisions\/4150"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4145"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4145"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4145"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}